Archive for December 14th, 2008

Make your own photo calendar

Sunday, December 14th, 2008

Do you need a quick Christmas present for your Mother? And has she often told you that she was always fond of your travel photos?

Then try the free Kalender software from naturfotokalender.de. It is a free and easy to use extension for the famous free gimp graphics program. Moritz Mekelburger is the original author and created it for Kalender gestalten, that is how we germans call “calendar printing”.

This program proofed to be a really powerful tool, and so it was improved by naturfotokalender.de in order to be able to create the whole year at once. There is a good set of instructions called Kalender erstellen mit eigenen Fotos.

The calender plugin lets you choose a directory with pictures for every month, then creates a gimp pic with all the months as layers. The next step is to indicate where you want your calender to be rendered and then you start the plugin again. You have to state the year for which the calender is created and off you go!

After the plugin is done you have 12 pictures each embedded with a calender for the corresponding month.

The site itself features a lot more, there is a fine collection of calenders with nature photography, so the site is worth a visit no matter if you want to create your own calender or not.

The Great Neumann

Sunday, December 14th, 2008

A continuous variety of spatial combinations Balthasar Neumann was quite probably one of the most talented famous architects of the entire European rococo, and he was active in both secular and religious buildings. His strong personality left its mark in the special style of late baroque German architecture, most especially that of Franconia. he fortunate encounter between the still young architect and the Schonborn dynasty of prince bishops led to a fecund period characterized by the construction of splendid buildings and a brilliant artistic life.

The great turning point in his career was the commission to rework the urban layout of the city and the creation of the residence of Wurzburg, for these undertakings put him alongside such leading architects as Johann Dientzenhofer and Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt; the result was a further evolution in Neumann’s architectural style, which was based on the powerful synthesis of traditional Viennese architecture and the new stimuli of French classicism.

A fundamental aspect of his architectural style is the rejection of fantasy used for its own sake; Neumann’s buildings are always based on an ideal combination of organizational force and sensibility for the plastic and the spatial, always within the continuous variety of the figural and structural forms, for which he drew on the most diverse traditions. He turned to the field of sacred architecture most of all in his later career, and in these works he ingeniously combined the basilican plan and the concept of a central space.

At Vierzehnheiligen, his masterpiece, within a luminous and apparently infinite space he composed a biaxial system with a traditional Latin cross achieving a singular synthesis of all the fundamental concepts of baroque ecclesiastical architecture. At the same time he concentrated his work on the double expression of internal space by way of which the structural framework is clearly visible against the exterior wall, which is treated as a neutral surface.

How Water Heaters Work

Sunday, December 14th, 2008

A gas water heater is nearly identical to an electric water heater, except that it does not contain the two heating elements, but instead has a gas burner at the bottom, with the chimney running up through the middle of the tank.

  • A water heater consists of the following parts, as shown in the figure above:
  • A heavy inner steel tank that holds the hot water

Typically, this tank holds 40 to 60 gallons. It has to be able to hold the pressure of a residential water system, which typically runs at 50 to 100 pounds per square inch (psi). The tank is tested to handle 300 psi. The steel tank normally has a bonded glass liner to keep rust out of the water.

Insulation surrounding the tank

  • A dip tube to let cold water into the tank
  • A pipe to let hot water out of the tank
  • A thermostat to control the temperature of the water inside the tank (Many electric water heaters have a separate thermostat on each element.)
  • Heating elements to heat the water (These are the thick electric elements similar to those you see inside an electric oven.)
  • A drain valve that allows you to drain the tank to replace the elements or move the tank
  • A pressure relief valve (This is an important safety feature that keeps the tank from exploding.)
  • A sacrificial anode rod to help keep the steel tank from corroding

The thermostat controls the temperature of the water inside the tank. Normally you can set the temperature between 120 and 180 degrees Fahrenheit (49 to 82 degrees Celsius). It is generally recommended that you keep the temperature between 120 to 140 degrees F (49 to 60 C) –especially if there are children living in the house — to prevent scalding. It also saves energy.

Normally, the thermostat is underneath a cover plate and it has a knob or a screw that you can use to set the temperature.

As cold water comes in, it remains at the bottom of the tank because it is denser than hot water. If you use the hot water faster than the heating elements can heat the incoming cold water, and if you consume all of the hot water that the tank holds, you run out of hot water in the middle of your shower. If this seems to happen too often, it could mean that the bottom heating element in an electric water heater has burned out or that your water heater is too small for your house. Or it could mean that you are taking really, really long showers.

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